Electroencephalography (EEG) is a diagnostic test that measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes attached to the scalp. It is essential for diagnosing neurological conditions such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and brain tumors. EEG provides valuable insights into brain function by capturing electrical impulses and patterns, helping doctors to assess brain health and guide treatment. Patients should consider EEG when experiencing symptoms like seizures, unexplained loss of consciousness, or persistent sleep disturbances.